NLM stellt auf XML um

["B. Eversberg" <EV _at__ buch.biblio.etc.tu-bs.de>]

Frohe Kunde fuer Freunde von XML:

Die National Library of Medicine hat jetzt beschlossen, Daten nur noch
mit XML-Struktur abzugeben.
  http://www.nlm.nih.gov/news/medlinedata.html

Die notwendige DTD dazu wurde ebenfalls veroeffentlicht:

  http://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/dtd/nlmmedline_000509.dtd


Hier ist ein Beispiel eines Datensatzes:

<MedlineCitation>
<MedlineID>99456074</MedlineID>
<DateCreated>
<Year>1999</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>09</Day>
</DateCreated>
<DateCompleted>
<Year>1999</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>09</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<Article>
<Journal>
<ISSN>0735-0414</ISSN>
<JournalIssue>
<Volume>34</Volume>
<Issue>5</Issue>
<PubDate>
<MedlineDate>1999 Sep-Oct</MedlineDate>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Trait markers for alcoholism: clinical 
utility.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination>
<StartPage>649</StartPage>
<EndPage>665</EndPage>
<MedlinePgn>649-65</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<Abstract><AbstractText>Because alcoholism is a multi-factorial 
psychiatric disorder, with both psychosocial and biochemical/genetic 
factors leading to its manifestation in any one individual, the 
presence of biochemical/genetic factors alone may not lead to the 
manifestation of the disorder. There are numerous difficulties 
associated with identification of a trait abnormality in a disorder 
that requires suitable socio-cultural permissiveness with distinct 
behavioural characteristics to manifest a disorder that may not 
require that predisposing trait abnormality in order to develop. 
Numerous studies have been performed in the past to potentially 
identify a biochemical or genetic trait abnormality in alcoholism, 
and not all of them have addressed significant methodological flaws 
in this type of research. This review addresses some of the 
difficulties inherent in this research, and aims for a comprehensive 
review of the highlights of the search for a clinically useful trait 
abnormality. Some series of investigations hold promise that a trait 
marker for a particular subset of alcoholics may be developed, e.g. 
severe alcoholism and the dopamine D2 receptor gene; the level of 
reaction to alcoholism in family history-positive alcoholics; beta-
endorphin abnormalities in specific family groups of alcoholics; 
reduced P3 wave event-related potentials as markers and predictors of 
development of substance abuse in predisposed youths; reduced growth 
hormone response to apomorphine as a predictor of relapse to 
alcoholism in early abstinence; abnormal adenylyl cyclase activity in 
certain defined subgroups of alcoholics; and abnormal platelet 
monoamine oxidase levels in subjects with a behavioural 
predisposition to addictive disorders. The review concludes that 
while there has not yet been an identification of a comprehensive 
trait marker for alcoholism, there is hope for identification 
subgroups of alcoholics with consistent biological markers within 
that subgroup that may well prove fruitful over time. It will then be 
up to a future generation of clinicians to take that information and 
develop prevention programmes that can incorporate this information 
to help the predisposed individual avoid alcohol 
problems.</AbstractText></Abstract>
<Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of 
Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.</Affiliation>
<AuthorList>
<Author>
<LastName>Farren</LastName>
<FirstName>C</FirstName>
<MiddleName>K</MiddleName>
<Initials>CK</Initials>
</Author>
<Author>
<LastName>Tipton</LastName>
<FirstName>K</FirstName>
<MiddleName>F</MiddleName>
<Initials>KF</Initials>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>Eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList>
<PublicationType>JOURNAL ARTICLE</PublicationType>
<PublicationType>REVIEW</PublicationType>
<PublicationType>REVIEW LITERATURE</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo>
<Country>ENGLAND</Country>
<MedlineTA>Alcohol Alcohol</MedlineTA>
<MedlineCode>AAL</MedlineCode>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList>
<Chemical>
<CASRegistryNumber>0</CASRegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance>Biological Markers</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<CASRegistryNumber>0</CASRegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance>Central Nervous System Depressants</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<CASRegistryNumber>0</CASRegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance>Genetic Markers</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<CASRegistryNumber>0</CASRegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance>Neurotransmitters</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<CASRegistryNumber>64-17-5</CASRegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance>Ethanol</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList>
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Alcoholism</Descriptor><SubHeading>blood</Sub
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Biological 
Markers</Descriptor><SubHeading>blood</SubHeading><SubHeading>chemistr
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Central Nervous System 
Depressants</Descriptor><SubHeading>pharmacology</SubHeading></MeshHea
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Enzyme Tests</Descriptor></MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Ethanol</Descriptor><SubHeading>pharmacology<
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Female</Descriptor></MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Genetic 
Markers</Descriptor><SubHeading>genetics</SubHeading></MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Human</Descriptor></MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal 
System</Descriptor><SubHeading>chemistry</SubHeading><SubHeading>drug 
effects</SubHeading></MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Male</Descriptor></MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Neurotransmitters</Descriptor><SubHeading>blo
<MeshHeading><Descriptor>Pituitary-Adrenal 
System</Descriptor><SubHeading>chemistry</SubHeading><SubHeading>drug 
effects</SubHeading></MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<NumberOfReferences>190</NumberOfReferences>
</MedlineCitation>


Daraus kann man leicht z.B. MAB2 machen, das sieht dann etwa so aus:
(nicht vollstaendig)

### 00000nM2.01200024      h
001 99456074
004 20000906
027 99456074
100 Farren, C K
104 Tipton, K F
331 Trait markers for alcoholism: clinical utility
596 34(1999)5,p649-665
599 ISSN 0735-0414
740sAlcoholism -- blood; Biological Markers -- blood -- chemistry;
    Central Nervous System Depressants -- pharmacology; Enzyme Tests;
    Ethanol -- pharmacology; Female; Genetic Markers -- genetics; 
    Human;
    Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System -- chemistry -- drug effects; Male;
    Neurotransmitters -- blood -- genetics; Pituitary-Adrenal System
    -- chemistry -- drug effects
    

Bernhard Eversberg
Universitaetsbibliothek, Postf. 3329, 
D-38023 Braunschweig, Germany
Tel.  +49 531 391-5026 , -5011 , FAX  -5836
e-mail  B.Eversberg _at__ tu-bs.de